Adv Science

Image: AAS Nova Summary: Gravity is the universal force that holds our galaxy together. There are three kinds of galaxies, spiral, elliptical and irregular. A spiral galaxy has a twisting or winding shape, whereas elliptical galaxies look mostly like circles. As for irregular galaxies, they have indistinct shapes which is why they are recognized as irregular. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy in which the Earth is located in. Fun fact, elliptical galaxies mostly contain older stars. During nuclear fusion, four hydrogen atoms fuse into one helium atom, making hydrogen the most common chemical element in stars. You can see stars during nighttime because of the light they produce during nuclear fusion. The size of a star controls what happens to it for the rest of its life. Inside the Milky Way, the most common types of stars are main-sequence stars. Also, stars range in different temperatures, blue being the hottest and red being the coolest. S&EP-Analyzing Data: Ou

Image:  YouTube Summary: Chronic stress, or long-lasting stress, can make you feel isolated, overwhelmed and make you have sudden changes in mood. An example of chronic stress is getting overworked on a regular basis. When you are overworked and you are stressed about what you have to complete the size, function, and structure of your brain are affected. After a natural disaster, people are overcome with feeling shock, but that eventually morphs into guilt, depression, and anxiety. People who are suffering from the loss of a loved one, can feel helpless and powerless. The traumatic effects of natural disasters, no matter the natural disaster, show that victims suffer from PTSD and guilt of surviving. This is because, although not all disasters are the same, the survivors all endured a catastrophic, life-changing event, in which they experienced loss. However, the traumatic effects of a natural disaster are different on the brain, depending on the disaster, because survivors exp

Question 7:  The Earth is tilted __ degrees. Right Answer:  23.5 Explanation: 23.5 is the correct answer because the Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees. Question 15:  What type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create? Right Answer: Spring tide Explanation: The correct answer is spring tide because when the Moon, Sun, and Earth are in line the Sun and Moons gravitational pulls work together to create spring tides. (Spring tides have really high high tides and really low low tides). Question 17:  Why do we experience the changing of the season on the earth? Right Answer:  the tilt of the Earth's axis Explanation: The correct answer is the tilt of the Earth's axis because as the Earth revolves around the Sun, the tilt of the axis affects the position of the Earth in relation to the Sun which causes a change in seasons throughout the year.  Question 21:  Which solar system event can only occur during a full moon phase? Right An

Image: Summary: Pitch is the highness or lowness of the sound created whereas volume is how loud or quiet a sound is. Frequency is how many 'cycles' of a wave occur in one second, the amplitude is how large a wave is from the middle to the crest and the wavelength is the measure from crest to crest. You can tell that the frequency of a wave is higher or lower based on how close together every single wave is. Pitch is related to frequency because the higher the frequency the higher the pitch is, and vice versa. With the different volumes, you can tell that the height of the waves differs, as well. The louder note has a higher amplitude, whereas the softer note has a lower amplitude. Backward-Looking: What problems did you encounter while you were working on this piece? How did you solve them? The major problem we encountered while working on this project would be tuning the instrument. Since my group and I used various materials as our bars, some thicker than others

Image:  PxHere Summary: Music fills our life more than we know it, and music is created by instruments A musical instrument can be virtually anything that makes noise, but the most common are guitars, drums, and flutes and each falls into its own family. The instrument families include string, woodwind, and percussion, etc. An instrument is placed in a family, based on the noise it makes, how you play it, and what it's made up of. Guitars are a string instrument because it makes a noise through the vibrations of the strings. As for flutes they fall under the woodwind family because the noise it creates is made with the help of air, whereas drums are part of the percussion family whose instruments create sound through contact. In other words, percussion instruments make noises when they are hit. S&EP-Using Models:  I created a model, in the form on an instrument, that can play 8 notes. The model created was based on the design my team and I created the first day, but

Image: Klipsch Summary: Waves are known to carry energy, but they can carry messages, as well. Signals are made by a transmitter. From there, the signals are sent to a receiver. The receiver then converts these signals into a message. Signals can be either digital or analog and the difference is that digital signals are like small pulses (like made with the slinky) whereas analog signals are ongoing waves (like from the activity). An example of analog vs digital in this instance could be represented by a clock. An analog clocks ticks which is an ongoing movement, while a digital clock changes time every so often. Fun Fact: More complex messages can be sent through a digital format by sending more pulses, but in order for this to happen, it takes time. This is why when you are streaming in a higher resolution or downloading an image in a high resolution it takes more time than something of lower resolution. S&EP- Using Models:  A model is an example, most typically a smalle

     The music industry, a popular and ever-growing business, has and will continue to push an ultimatum upon all who wish to enter it. Digital or Analog? Although both forms have benefits and consequences, using analog technology for an "original" sound is too much to pay for the drawbacks that follow. "Analog recordings can be more...natural sounding," says Charmain2010 in Analogue Vs Digital: Advantages Vs Disadvantages paragraph 2. However, according to Dave Mustaine in the video Analog or Digital? (1993) created by PastVid, "The reason people who use analog, try digital and say digital is no good...it's because they can't play." (2:29) . As a recording artist, hoping to pursue a career in which my music can flourish, I would like to record my music in a digital format.      Editing music in an analog format is a tedious task, both time consuming and frustrating. Digital editing techniques make it so "it is far easier to edit, you can

Image: Summary: If an item is analog technology, it is most likely an analogy of something. For instance, an analog watch is an analogy of time, but just because an item is considered analog does not mean that it contains dials and pointers. In fact, something that is analog is just not digitized. Before the 20th century practically everything was analog from film cameras and recording tapes. Digital technology is a representation of a sound or picture, etc. that is transmitted into numbers so it can be shown or saved digitally. Science has had a major shift towards digital technology and items of digital technology include multimeters, thermometers, and blood pressure meters. Digital technology, more often than not, works faster and is easier to comprehend compared to analog technology. Although digital technology has its benefits, there are some instances in which analog technology would be preferred. S&EP- Arguing from Evidence: Once my tablemates and I had completed cond

Question:  Right Answer: False Explanation: The correct answer is false to the statement "Light is a mechanical wave" because light is an electromagnetic wave. Light is an electromagnetic wave because it doesn't need a medium to pass through. Question: Right Answer: reflection Explanation: This is because the wave is bouncing off of a surface which is the act of reflecting. Reflection is the bouncing back of light, heat, or sound while diffraction is when a beam of light or another type of wave is "spread out" because it traveled through a small opening or on an edge. Following the definition, it would mean that the answer would be reflection. Question:  Right Answer: Second Beaker (Solid) Explanation: The second beaker is the correct answer because the molecules are compacted in a manner that sound waves can travel quickly. Part of the reason that sound waves can travel quickly in this particular beaker is that there are no gaps betwee

Image: Summary:  Sound waves are mechanical waves or a vibration of molecules. Sound waves move energy not matter. Pitch is the highness or lowness of the sound created whereas volume is how loud or quiet a sound is. Frequency is how many 'cycles' of a wave occur in one second, the amplitude is how large a wave is from the middle to the crest and the wavelength is the measure from crest to crest. Pitch is related to frequency because the higher the frequency the higher the pitch is. A sound wave that has a bigger wavelength will have a low frequency, low pitch, and low energy. Electromagnetic waves are electric and magnetic fields that move through space extremely fast. The electromagnetic spectrum is the whole range of electromagnetic waves that are in order based on increasing frequency. S&EP-Arguing From Evidence:  I worked alongside my tablemates in searching for the best explanation to the following question: Make your conclusions on sound based on pitch, travel

Image: Summary: A rollercoaster is a perfect model, or example, to understand and learn about potential energy, kinetic energy, and more. Our rollercoaster goes through many twists and turns giving the people a fun ride that also comes to a safe and complete stop. First, our rollercoaster loops around a dowel forming a turn as it goes downhill in order to build up enough speed to climb up the hill. Then, it goes up and down the hill into a loop that slowly flattens out to bring the marble to a stop. Since the initial drop is not counted as a hill, at least one turn or loop has to come before the hill so the marble can gain momentum. In our rollercoaster, the marble has the most potential energy right before it is dropped (while it is held atop the rollercoaster) and has the least amount when it comes to a stop because those are the places in which the height of the rollercoaster is the tallest and shortest. Finally, I noticed that the height at which the hill is placed can

Image:  Summary:  A model is an example, most typically a smaller version, to represent a system so you can understand how it works. A moedl rollercoaster is the perfect tool to understand and learn about potential energy, kinetic energy, and more. A system is a group of parts that work together to make a whole end result. The parts of the system that make up my groups rollercoaster include; two loops, two turns, and one hill. The system is arranged as seen above because the initail drop cannot count as a hill, meaning that there must be at least one turn before the hill so the marble can gain momentum to 'climb up'  the tubing. Potential energy is energy stored up and is waiting to be used, and is based on the position of an object, the elasticity or the chemical makeup. In this case, the marble has the most potential energy at the top of the roller coaster(beginning) because that is the highest point, meaning the height is the highest. This in turn effects the potentia

Image: sciencelearn.org.nz Summary:  Everyone assumes they know what energy is, but I bet they don't know the whole story? Actually, there are two main branches of energy consisting of kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy is energy an object has because it is in motion whereas potential energy is energy that is waiting to be used hence the name potential. Potential energy itself branches down into three groups including gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and chemical potential energy. Gravatational potenttial energy is potential energy due to an objects position. An example of this would be a boulder sitting high atop a mountain. Elastic potential energy is potential energy due to the compression or expansion of someone or something. For instance, stretching a rubber band without releasing it would be elastic potential energy. Chemical potential energy is potential energy that is held within the chemical bonds of an object or substance. A form

Image: Khan Academy Summary:  If you were walking down the street and turned right, did you accelerate? While most people would say no, change in direction is, in fact, a form of acceleration. Acceleration doesn't just mean increasing speed, it is change in velocity. The formula for acceleration is change in velocity divided by time and it is measured in units of distance units of time squared. An example of this would be 60 meters per second squared. Acceleration is a vector quantity because direction plays a factor in acceleration. (Vector quantities are measured as magnitude with direction.) Like mentioned before, people assume acceleration has an association with the term 'speeding up' although this is not the complete definition. Even slowing down is considered acceleration, although more often than not it is referred to as deceleration. S&EP-Using Mathematics: When people think of science, most people see lab work and experiments, but lately, through a

Question: Which section of the graph represents the highest speed? Wrong Answer: The last section, where the time is 185 seconds to 200 seconds. Correct Answer: The first point of data in which the time is 20 seconds and the distance is 15 meters. Why: The reason the first point was correct is because you have to find the speed of each point, meaning you divide the distance by the time. If you do this you will get that Point A- 0.75, Point B- 0.5, Point C- 0.61, Point D- 0.53, Point E- 0.48,  and Point F- 0.5. Through this, you can see that the first point, Point A, clearly has the fastest speed.I got this problem wrong because I misinterpreted it. I thought it was asking for the greatest change in speed, but using the distance over time formula I was able to resolve this conflict.

Image:  Summary:  Speed is so called, a distance over time, but what actually is speed and what does it have to dow ith velocity? Speed is a scalar quantity, whereas velocity is a vector quantity meaning speed just measures "How fast?" whereas velocity measures "How fast?" with direction. An example of speed is 60 mph, while an example of velocity would be 60 mph north. It is important to know the velocity, as well as speed because if not, it could create a conflict. For instance, if a missile is flying at 7,500 mph and you do not know which way it is going it could possibly hit you. Although this is a far-fetched example not knowing velocity could create conflict in the simplest environments like a street corner. All in all, speed and velocity aren't that different, but the difference is key because it is what makes one a scalar quantity and the other a vector. Fun Fact: You can use graphs to determine speed using rise over r

Image : The Science Classroom Summary:  A scalar quantity measures the magnitude of something, whereas a vector quantity measures both the magnitude and the direction. Magnitude doesn't have to do with speed, it is just a number that measures something. For example; How big? How far? How fast? An example of a scalar quantity would be 60 mph, while a vector quantity would be 60 mph east. Speed is a scalar quantity, whereas velocity is a vector quantity. It is important to know the velocity, as well as speed because if not, it could create a conflict. Another way to measure motion is to use reference points. You can tell if something is moving if its position changes in relation to a stagnant or non-moving reference point. An example of this would be using a tree as a reference point because it doesn't move. If the distance between something and the tree were to change the object is moving. S&EP-Using Models/Diagrams:   Distance represents the groun